Understanding the Key Differences Between State and Federal Courts in the United States

What is one major difference between state and federal courts in the United States?

A. Only state courts issue opinions that can be appealed.

B. Only federal courts are established by Congress.

C. Only state courts use an adversarial system during trials.

D. Only federal courts deal with criminal cases.

Answer:

Only federal courts are established by Congress.

State courts and federal courts in the United States serve different purposes and have distinct jurisdictions. Understanding the differences between them is crucial in the legal system.

State courts primarily handle cases that fall within the jurisdiction of that particular state. These cases are often related to civil matters such as family disputes, contracts, property rights, and more. Each state has its own court system with varying levels of courts, from trial courts to appellate courts.

On the other hand, federal courts are established by Congress and have limited jurisdiction. They handle cases that involve federal law, the U.S. Constitution, or disputes between parties from different states (diversity jurisdiction). Federal courts also handle cases that are of national importance, such as crimes that cross state lines, issues related to federal taxes, and cases involving federal agencies.

While state courts deal with a wide range of cases, including criminal matters, federal courts are specifically tasked with handling cases that involve federal laws or the federal government. This distinction ensures that each level of the judicial system operates effectively and efficiently.