Prokaryotic Cells: Features and Characteristics

What feature distinguishes prokaryotic cells? The feature that distinguishes prokaryotic cells are the genetic material (DNA) that is located in a region called the nucleoid, which has no surrounding membrane. Additionally, prokaryotic cells contain a large number of ribosomes that are responsible for protein synthesis. At the periphery of the cell, there is the plasma membrane.

Characteristics of Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cells are unicellular organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. They are simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells.

Key Features of Prokaryotic Cells:
  1. Nucleoid: Prokaryotic cells contain a single, circular DNA molecule located in a region of the cell called the nucleoid. The DNA in prokaryotic cells is not enclosed within a nucleus.
  2. Ribosomes: Prokaryotic cells have numerous ribosomes that are smaller in size compared to eukaryotic ribosomes. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in the cell.
  3. Plasma Membrane: The plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells serves as a barrier between the cell's interior and the external environment. It regulates the passage of substances in and out of the cell.

These key features distinguish prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells, which have a membrane-bound nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Despite their simplicity, prokaryotic cells are essential for various important processes in nature, including nutrient cycling, decomposition, and symbiotic relationships with other organisms.

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